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Tomaso Albinoni (1671-1751) was an Italian Baroque composer, who was born and died in Venice . He was known in his time for his operas, but nowadays his popularity comes mainly from his famous Adagio , which he did not write himself but was composed in 1945 by the Italian musicologist Remo Giazotto based on fragments of a sonata for strings and organ by Albinoni . In contrast to the composers of his time, he never sought a position in the Church or at Court , as he supported himself with his own resources and was tremendously jealous of his own independence. The son of a wealthy family, he studied singing and violin and composed around 50 operas and abundant instrumental music; above all, sonatas for solo and trio and concertos for oboe and violin.

Baroque . Baroque music is the European musical style, related to the cultural period of the same name, which spans approximately from the birth of opera around 1600 until the death of Johann Sebastian Bach in 1750. It is one of the styles of what is generally called European classical or art music, preceded by the music of the Renaissance and followed by the music of Classicism .

Main characteristics of the Baroque : Constant presence of counterpoint. -. Polarization of the texture towards the extreme voices (high and low); although music continued to be written for four and five voices, these were no longer of similar importance, but rather the upper voice and the bass were emphasized. -. Mandatory presence of the basso continuo : next to the lowest melodic line (the bass), some figures were written that summarize the harmony of the upper voices; the basso continuo was usually played by one or more low melodic instruments (cello, viola da gamba, bassoon...) plus a harmonic instrument that improvised the chords (harpsichord, archlute, positive organ, baroque guitar, harp, theorbo...). -. Development of tonal harmony with a rapid harmonic rhythm (frequent changes of chords); the rhythm of the bass itself establishes a clear and simple time signature. Development of an instrumental language of its own, differentiated from the vocal one, with adaptation of the musical writing to each type of instrument ( idiomatic writing ).-. The orchestra appears in opera houses, with a predominance of bowed string instruments, the basis of the current symphony orchestra.-. New vocal and instrumental forms appear: the opera, the oratorio and the cantata among the former, and the concert, the sonata and the orchestral suite among the latter.-. The taste for strong sonic contrasts (between choirs, between instrumental families or between soloist and orchestra), materialized in polychorality and the "concertante style", as opposed to the uniformity of textures and timbres usual in the Renaissance.- . Ample space was left for improvisation, both in free works and in those already written, in the form of ornamentation.

Albinoni's Adagio is a Neo-Baroque piece for strings and organ in G minor originally attributed to the Venetian composer Tomaso Albinoni , but actually composed in 1945 by the Italian musicologist Remo Giazotto . First published in 1958 by Casa Ricordi , the publisher claimed that the composer based his work on fragments of a slow movement from a trio sonata by Albinoni allegedly found in the ruins of the Dresden Library after the bombing of the city during World War II , but no serious evidence of their existence has ever been found. The Staatsbibliothek Dresden has formally denied having them in its sheet music collection.

Gustav Mahler (1860-1911) was an Austrian composer and conductor born in Kaliště , now the Czech Republic , and considered one of the most eminent composers of post-Romanticism. His creative work focused on the symphony , the lied (lyric song), and the conjunction of both concepts. Added to this was the diversity of the elements he worked with (popular melodies, military melodies, fanfares of various kinds, etc.), the obvious dissonances to which the public was unaccustomed, and the long duration of his symphonies. Add to this the fact that he faced a certain anti-Semitic press due to his Jewish origins, and it is not surprising that his compositions did not enjoy the success they deserved during his lifetime.

Gustav Mahler 's Symphony No. 1 ("Titan") in D major was completed in 1888, one year before its Budapest premiere in 1889. Originally conceived as a long symphonic poem, Mahler used music from his abandoned opera project Rübezahl and incidental music for Viktor Nessler 's play The Trumpet at Säkkingen . Every performance since its Budapest premiere has met with almost complete rejection from critics and audiences alike. Mahler subsequently revised the symphony several times, and today it is one of Mahler 's most highly regarded works because of its melodic richness and is frequently performed in concert halls.

Today we offer the second movement of this symphony in the version conducted by Uruguayan maestro Gisele Ben-Dor .

Luigi Boccherini (1743-1805) was a virtuoso Italian cellist and composer. His father was also a cellist. He received his first cello lessons from him, and at the age of thirteen he appeared on stage as a concert cellist. Later, under the tutelage of Vannuci, he perfected his instrumental technique and studied harmony, counterpoint, and composition. He continued his studies in Rome and, after visiting and living in various European cities, settled permanently in Madrid, where he wrote most of his musical output. Boccherini wrote a large amount of chamber music (more than one hundred quintets and ninety string quartets, as well as trios, sonatas, and pieces in other genres), and his orchestral repertoire includes nearly thirty symphonies and concertos.

Chamber music is music composed for a small group of instruments, as opposed to orchestral music . The name comes from the places where small groups of musicians rehearsed during the Middle Ages and the Renaissance . These rooms, not very large, were called chambers. Until then relegated to the salons of the aristocracy, chamber music gradually began to spread to small concert halls and private homes. This was induced by the bourgeoisie's access to instrumental practice and because, economically, it was much more profitable than an orchestra. There are two details that characterize a chamber work: 1) each musician plays a different part and 2) there is no conductor; the musicians are positioned so that they can face each other, for better coordination.

Flute Quintet in F Major, G. 437. Boccherini created the quintet for two violins, viola, and two cellos, largely for himself to play with an established quartet. He wrote over 100 such quintets, and also arranged many of them for other media, such as the present string and flute quintet; its opening Allegro is lively, while the slow movement is a sweetly diversified lyrical scene, like an instrumental version of an operatic ensemble; the final darts are energetic, with the strings in unrestrained idiomatic display. (Excerpted from the article that appeared in the LA Phil )

Musical Impressionism is a musical trend that emerged in France in the late 19th century . With the arrival of post-Romanticism , authors such as Gabriel Fauré or Camille Saint-Saëns experimented with Greek modes and timbre , but without going too deep. And so, at the end of the 19th century , Impressionism emerged ( whose name was already used in painting in the 1860s-70s from the idea of expressing ideas in an insinuated way). In music, the use of the pentatonic scale and Greek modes , harmonic and rhythmic freedom and experimentation with timbre were the main characteristics of this movement, in which Claude Debussy is the most notorious Impressionist author, along with Maurice Ravel and Erik Satie .

La mer, trois esquisses symphoniques pour orchestre (The sea, three symphonic sketches for orchestra), or simply La mer , which we offer today, is a work for orchestra that Debussy began writing in 1903 and completed in 1905 during his stay on the coast of the English Channel , in Eastbourne . It was premiered by the Lamoureux orchestra, under the direction of Camille Chevillard , on October 15, 1905 in Paris . It consists of three movements: I (0'14 '') FROM DAWN TILL NOON AT SEA - VERY SLOW .-. II (9'00 '') WAVE GAMES - ALLEGRO . -. III (16'00 '') DIALOGUE OF THE WIND AND THE SEA - LIVELY AND TUMULTUOUS.

Today it is offered to us by the Los Angeles Philharmonic conducted by the eminent Russian maestro Valery Gergiev .

Pello Reparaz , former member of the group Vendetta , is the singer of the Navarrese band Zetak , recent winner of the MIN 2021 award for Best Album in Basque . When the whole world locked itself at home in March 2020, Pello Reparaz (Arbizu, 1990) had just done a somersault with a corkscrew to land on his feet with his electronic music project Zetak , recently awarded an independent music award (the MIN) for Best Album in Basque for his second album. In a clever exercise in readjustment, Reparaz and his band ( Gorka Pastor on synthesizers and Leire Colomo and Iban Larreburu on percussion) have managed to take something positive from the pandemic: “It has brought negative things, but professionally I am already forgetting them. We have been able to position Zetak in a place where perhaps we would not be at this point thanks to Zeinen ederra izango den and how the project has been able to transform based on what is happening.” Conceived as a multidisciplinary artistic project, experimentation is in the DNA of Zetak , which is preparing, together with the Bilbao -based company Sherpa AI , a song that will have its origin in an artificial intelligence algorithm. “When you reach your goal, you realize that in reality it was another one. I think it is something positive; everything changes and that is positive.” ( excerpt from the article by Nerea Basterra in El País )

Claudio Capéo (born 10 January 1985) is a French singer and accordionist of Italian descent. He first became known to the general public after participating in season 5 of The Voice: La Plus Belle Voix . His debut album, Claudio Capéo , topped the French sales charts for five consecutive weeks in August 2016, selling over 400,000 copies. The album's first single, " Un Homme Debout ", was certified diamond by SNEP and reached number six on the French charts and number seven on the Belgian Ultratop ; its music video was filmed at Place Bellecour in Lyon . Two more albums have followed, Tant que rien ne m'arrête (2018) and Penso a te (2020), both of which have been certified platinum in France . Her most recent project, Rose des vents , was released on November 25, 2022.

Colombia is a country of unparalleled cultural richness, where each region has its own traditions, rhythms, and dances that tell the story of its people. From the Caribbean coast to the Andes , passing through the Eastern Plains and the Pacific , Colombia 's typical dances are a living expression of the cultural diversity that characterizes the country. Each dance, from cumbia to sanjuanero , is a window into the identity and soul of the communities that practice them. These dances are not only a form of entertainment, but also a way to keep traditions alive and pass them on to new generations. In an increasingly globalized world, preserving these traditions is essential to maintaining Colombia 's cultural richness.

Cumbia is a traditional Colombian folk dance and musical rhythm. It incorporates elements from three cultural strands: Indigenous, African, and, to a lesser extent, white (Spanish), the result of the long intermingling of these cultures. The music features drums of African origin; maracas, guache, and pitos (millet cane and bagpipes) of Indigenous origin; while the chants and couplets are contributions from Spanish poetry. The dance features sensual, gallant, and seductive movements characteristic of dances of African origin.

Jeux (Games) is a ballet written by Claude Debussy . Described as a "danced poem"), it was written for Diaghilev 's Ballets Russes . Jeux premiered on 15 May 1913 at the Théâtre des Champs-Élysées in Paris , conducted by Pierre Monteux . The work was not well received and was soon overshadowed by Stravinsky 's The Rite of Spring , which was premiered two weeks later. There are around sixty different tempo markings in the work, enough for Émile Vuillermoz to describe the score as changing "speed and nuance every two bars". The thematic motifs in Jeux are likewise very short, often two bars long or constructed from two one-bar building blocks.