the genocidal terrorism that the State of Israel has
been exercising against the Palestinian People.
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Johann Melchior Molter (1696–1765) was a German composer and violinist of the Baroque period , who was educated at the Gymnasium in Eisenach . In the autumn of 1717 he began working as a violinist in Karlsruhe , where he married Maria Salome Rollwagen , with whom he had eight children. Between 1719 and 1721 he studied composition in Italy , and from 1722 to 1733 he was Kapellmeister in Karlsruhe . In 1734 he became Kapellmeister at the court of the Duke of Saxe-Eisenach . Maria died in 1737, and by 1742 Molter had remarried, to Maria Christina Wagner . That year he returned to Karlsruhe and began teaching at the Gymnasium . From 1747 until his death, Molter was employed by Margrave Carl Friedrich of Baden , son of his first employer. Molter 's surviving works include an oratorio, several cantatas, over 140 symphonies, overtures, and various orchestral pieces; numerous concertos, including several early works written for clarinet and two trumpet concertos, as well as chamber music.
The clarinet is a single-reed woodwind musical instrument (the oboe and bassoon use double reeds). Within the orchestra, it is found in the woodwind section, alongside the flute, oboe, saxophone, and bassoon. The clarinet's timbre is rich in nuances and expressive possibilities; along with the flute and violin, it is the most agile instrument in the orchestra; it can produce any extreme nuance in any of its registers, making this instrument an extremely versatile voice. Great works and concertos have been written for the clarinet, including one of the most highly regarded concertos in history, the Concerto in A major for Clarinet and Orchestra by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart .
Today the Iranian-Dutch clarinetist Kymia Kermani , conducted by maestro Stijn Berkouwer , offers us the third movement of the Clarinet Concerto No. 1 in D
Franz Schubert (1797-1828) was an Austrian composer who, at the age of 11, was admitted as a member of the choir of the Imperial Chapel in Vienna , where he had Salieri as his teacher. At that time, what brought in money was theater and opera, a genre in which he never managed to excel; so he focused on lieder (songs), among which his Ave Maria stands out. and the lieder ensemble La Bella Molinera . Despite dying at the age of 31, he left behind over 1,500 works, including numerous piano and chamber music pieces, eight symphonies, concertante works, incidental music, sacred music (including seven Masses, one Oratorio, and one Requiem), several singspiels (short operettas), some opera, and over 600 short vocal works, primarily the aforementioned lieder.
Dietrich Fischer-Dieskau (1925–2012) was a German baritone, conductor, and musicologist, considered by many to be the finest lieder singer of his generation, if not of the entire 20th century . He was greatly admired for his tonal qualities and vocal color, and performed many operatic roles; his repertoire was as broad as possible, both in terms of the periods he covered and the genres he explored.
The Lied (plural in German is Lieder) is a term used in the history of classical music to refer to a short lyric song whose lyrics are a poem set to music and written for solo voice and accompaniment, usually piano. This form is characterized by its brevity, the abandonment of bel canto virtuosity, the close relationship with the poem and the strong influence of the German folk song or Volkslied . It is a musical form typical of the Germanic countries and typical of Romanticism . It reached a high degree of development with the Austrian composer Franz Schubert , although it had its antecedents in Haydn, Mozart and Beethoven .
Winterreise (Winter Journey) is a lieder cycle composed by Franz Schubert , based on poems by Wilhelm Müller . It is one of the works he composed in the last year of his life, and the set of lieder in which he worked most. Dietrich Fischer-Dieskau considers that "Winter Journey represents all the works of his last year, in terms of elevation, intuition and expansion of compositional technique." Along with The Beautiful Miller's Wife cycle, it represents the popular chamber music of the 19th century , and is the highest exponent of the " lieder cycle ", a vocal genre that with Schubert entered the " grand form ." They reflect the personality of their author and, when performed correctly, leave a "chilling impression, without concession to Austrian charm or tearful happiness" ( D. Fischer-Dieskau ). It represents a mental and psychological world very close to the paintings of Caspar David Friedrich and the youthful philosophy of Arthur Schopenhauer .
Song index : 1 (0:20) Gute Nacht .-. 2 (5:43) Gefror'ne Tränen .-. 3 (7:33) Gefror'ne Tränen .-. 4 (9:56) Erstarrung .-. 5 (12:46) Der Lindenbaum .-. 6 (17:38) Wasserflut .-. 7 (21:36) Auf dem Flusse .-. 8 (25:01) Rückblick .-. 9 (27:22) Irrlicht .-. 10 (29:46) Rast .-. 11 (32:53) Frühlingstraum .-. 12 (37:05) Einsamkeit .-. 13 (39:40) Die Post .-. 14 (41:56) Der greise Kopf .-. 15 (45:04) Die Krähe .-. 16 (47:24) Letzte Hoffnung .-. 17 (49:26) Im Dorfe .-. 18 (53:03) Der stürmische Morgen .-. 19 (53:56) Täuschung .-. 20 (55:32) Der Wegweiser .-. 21 (59:40) Das Wirtshaus .-. 22 (1:04:06) Mut .-. 23 (1:05:32) Die Nebensonnen .-. 24 (1:08:19) Der Leiermann.
The version we offer today corresponds to the great Dietrich Fischer-Dieskau accompanied on piano by another great, in this case of piano and accompaniment, Alfred Brendel .
Georges Bizet (1836-1875) was a French pianist and composer who was not very successful during his lifetime. Bizet won several awards throughout his brilliant student career at the Paris Conservatoire , including the prestigious Prix de Rome in 1857. He was recognized as an exceptional pianist, although he preferred not to take advantage of his ability and rarely played in public. His best-known opera, Carmen , was a sensational success at its premiere, but he never got to enjoy it as he died three months later of a heart attack at the age of 39. The rest of his works were shelved and then gradually recovered in the 20th century. Despite this, he is now considered a leading figure of the 19th century and a brilliant and imaginative composer.
Carmen is a dramatic opera in four acts with music by Georges Bizet and a French libretto by Ludovic Halévy and Henri Meilhac , based on the novel Carmen by Prosper Mérimée ; the action takes place in Seville in 1820 and stars a beautiful and impulsive gypsy with a strong character.
Today we offer the Children's Choir corresponding to the First Act of the Opera Carmen, performed by the Singapore Symphony Orchestra and Children's Choir .
Gustav Holst (1874–1934) was a British trombonist, arranger, composer, and teacher. He is primarily known for his orchestral suite The Planets , for although he composed many other works in a variety of genres, none achieved comparable success. His distinctive compositional style was the product of many influences, Richard Wagner and Richard Strauss being the most crucial in its early development. The subsequent English folk song revival of the early 20th century and the example of emerging modern composers such as Maurice Ravel led Holst to develop and refine his personal style. His compositions had a marked influence on several younger English composers, such as Edmund Rubbra, Michael Tippett , and Benjamin Britten .
The Planets is his best-known work and is a suite consisting of seven movements personified by seven planets; it is presented in the style of a symphonic poem with meanings often associated with astrology and Greco-Roman mythology.
Mars is the first movement of the suite and the movement we will focus on today. He is the god of war, the " Bringer of War, " as Holst subtitles him, expressed in an intense, disturbing, and threatening march.
Today it is brought to us by the BBC Symphony Orchestra under the baton of Finnish maestro Susanna Mälkki .
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Johann Sebastian Bach (1685-1750) Today we meet one of the three giants of Western music along with Mozart and Beethoven . He was a German violinist, organist, conductor and composer, born in Eisenach into the most prominent musical family in history. In 1703 he got his first job in Arndstat and in 1707 he moved to Mülhausen as an organist, where he married his cousin Maria Barbara with whom he had seven children. After the death of his wife in 1720, after a year and a half of widowhood, he remarried Maria Magdalena with whom he would have another thirteen children. In 1723 he moved to Leipzig where he would reside until his death at the age of 65. His influence has been notable on Haydn , Mozart , Beethoven , Mendelssohn , Schumann , Chopin ... and many other renowned composers.
A cantata , originally, is a musical piece written to be sung by one or more solo voices with instrumental accompaniment, generally articulated in several movements and sometimes with a choir. The oldest type of cantata , known as the camera cantata , was created towards the end of the 17th century , composed for solo voice on a secular text, while the religious cantata was created for religious rites. These cantatas were generally articulated with an initial chorus in which the sopranos began the musical theme, completed by a succession of arias , recitatives and chorales , sometimes with passages of solo instruments that played the melody prepared for the voice. The fundamental difference with the oratorio is that the latter has a plot that supports it.
Gott ist mein König, BWV 71 (God is my King) is a cantata written by Johann Sebastian Bach in Mühlhausen for the inauguration of the town council and premiered on 4 February 1708. It is one of the six earliest cantatas by Bach (along with BWVs 150, 131, 106, 196 and 4) that survive. Like the others, the text of BWV 71 includes no recitatives or arias, as it predates the style later added by Erdmann Neumeister .
Today's performers are: Arleen Auger (soprano), Gabriele Schreckenbach (contralto), Adalbert Kraus (tenor), Philippe Huttenlocher (bass) accompanied by the Gächinger Kantorei and Bach Collegium of Stuttgart conducted by the German maestro Helmuth Rilling .
Reinhold Glière (1875–1956) was a post-Romantic composer born in Kiev (at that time part of the Soviet Union ); his father was a highly skilled multi-instrumentalist, mastering the flute, clarinet, French horn, and trumpet, among others. Glière composed numerous operas, ballets, concertos, and symphonic works, among other works, for which he received the People's Artist of the USSR Award (1938) and the Stalin Prize of First Class on three occasions (1946, 1948, 1950).
Catalogue of Glière's works . His works are classified by their Opus number (from the Latin opus 'work'), a term used in music to catalogue the works of most composers. From the 17th century , this form of cataloguing began to be used whenever a work was published, preceding the word Opus , or its abbreviation Op ., with the serial number of the work.
Reinhold Glière wrote his Concerto for Harp and Orchestra in E-flat major, Op. 74 , in 1938 and it is structured in three movements: I (0´05´´) ALLEGRO MODERATO IN E-flat major .-. II (11´27´´) THEME WITH VARIATIONS IN C-flat major .-. III (23´00´´) ALLEGRO GIOCOSO IN E-flat major. For the composition of this work Glière requested the technical advice of the harpist Ksenia Alexandrovna Erdely, who made so many suggestions that he offered to acknowledge her as co-composer; but she refused and the work was finally published as Glière 's work, edited by Erdely . The music combines characteristics reminiscent of both the Viennese classical style and Russian romantic nationalism.
Today we offer a version by harpist Elizaveta Bushueva accompanied by the Moscow City Symphony "Russian Philharmonic" conducted by maestro Sergey Tararin .
Ottorino Respighi (1879–1936) was an Italian composer, conductor, and musicologist. With his father, he began studying piano and violin, continuing them at the Liceo Musicale in Bologna , where he also studied composition and historical studies of early music. In 1900, he accepted the role of principal violist in the orchestra of the Russian Theatre in St. Petersburg , where he met Rimsky-Korsakov , with whom he studied orchestration for five months, after which he returned to Bologna. In 1913, he was appointed professor of composition at the Conservatorio di Santa Cecilia in Rome , a post he held for the rest of his life. He wrote works for piano, guitar, violin, and piano, various chamber ensembles, numerous symphonic music, choral music, eight operas, and five ballets.
A symphonic poem is a free-form orchestral work, generally based on a literary text, whose purpose is to create sensations or feelings through a pre-established script. It generally consists of a single movement and is written for orchestra, although it can also be written for piano or small instrumental ensembles. The father of the symphonic poem was Franz Liszt , who composed up to 13 works in this genre; a genre that would quickly become widespread beginning with Romanticism.
Pines of Rome , or in Italian Pini di Roma, P 141 , is a symphonic poem for orchestra composed by Ottorino Respighi in 1924. The program piece musically portrays various locations in Rome with pine trees, specifically those in the gardens of Villa Borghese , near a catacomb, on the Janiculum Hill and along the Appian Way . It is part of the Roman Trilogy , being the second of his three symphonic poems about the Eternal City, following Fontane di Roma (1916) and preceding Feste romane (1928).
Today the Banda Primitiva de Lliria, led by maestro Rafael Sanz Espert, offers us an arrangement for band written by the maestro himself.
Chen Yi (born April 4, 1953) is a Chinese-American composer whose music blends Chinese and Western compositional traditions. Her music, typically orchestral, chamber, choral, and piano, has been performed in many countries around the world. Chen Yi was born on April 4, 1953, in Guangzhou . 'Chen' is her family name and ' Yi' is her given name; however, she continued to use her name in the order customary in China even while living in the United States . She began studying piano with Li Su-xin and violin with Zheng Ri-hua at the age of 3. Soon after, she began studying composition with Wu Zu-gian at the Central Conservatory in Beijing from 1978 to 1986. She also studied composition with Chou Wen-chung and Mario Davidovsky at Columbia University from 1986 to 1993, where she earned her Ph.D.
Chen was appointed concertmaster of the Canton Opera Company; due to this, she learned to play a variety of Chinese instruments during this time and began researching traditional Chinese music while also learning Western music theory from Zheng Zhong . In 1977, the Beijing Central Conservatory of Music reopened, and Chen was admitted as a composition student, receiving her degree in 1982. Chen was the first woman in China to earn a master's degree in composition, and her music was featured on television. During this time, she traveled to New York City to study composition at Columbia University ; by now she was a prolific composer, earning positive reviews for her works. Some of her works, such as the 1992 Piano Concerto, have been performed by the Brooklyn Philharmonic Orchestra and other major orchestras.
The guitar is a plucked string instrument, unlike the piano, which is struck by a percussion string , or the violin, which is bowed . After centuries of evolution, the current guitar is made up of a sound box with a large hole or soundhole at the top, a neck with six strings running from the bridge to the headstock , whose tuning pegs are used to tune the strings; the neck is covered by a piece of wood, the fingerboard , divided into frets that divide the strings into half tones. The origin of the guitar dates back to 1000 BC, when the Assyrians already had plucked string instruments with a sound box. The six-string guitar was introduced in the 18th century by Jacob Otto , with its current tuning.
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Stan Getz (1927-1991) was an American saxophonist, widely regarded as one of the most important tenor saxophonists in the history of jazz . His round, captivating sound reached audiences who earned him the nickname "The Sound." He won several Grammy Awards for his recordings and is considered one of the most prominent tenor saxophonists in the history of jazz. He perfectly understood the language of bossa nova and sounded completely natural on the recordings he made with Brazilian musicians. In 1967 and later, Getz became more interested in jazz-rock fusion and other post-bop trends, making increasingly personal music and recording albums with Chick Corea, Stanley Clarke, and Gary Burton .
Tyla (Johannesburg, Gauteng; January 30, 2002) is a South African singer and songwriter. She signed to Epic Records in 2021 following the domestic success of her 2019 debut single, " Getting Late" featuring Kooldrink . Tyla rose to international prominence with the release of her 2023 single, " Water ", which entered the top ten in sixteen countries, including the United Kingdom and the United States . " Water " was the first song by a South African solo artist to enter the US Billboard Hot 100 in 55 years and she received the inaugural Grammy Award for Best African Musical Performance in 2024. Her self-titled debut album was released on March 22, 2024, to critical acclaim. Tyla has also garnered nominations for a BRIT Award , a Soul Train Music Award , a MOBO Award , and two South African Music Awards .
La Raíz was a music group from Gandía (Valencia), which toured the stages mixing rock, ska , reggae and rap . La Raíz came together in 2005, taking advantage of the breakup of a previous group that included Edu , current guitarist, and that had a totally different style. Since then, Pablo Sánchez Pardines became the lead vocalist and composer. The group's intention was to put together a large band with many of their friends, who were not musicians. The style of this band has sometimes been classified as " rockstizaje ". Eleven musicians from various national and musical backgrounds, spread out on stage with a strong presence and a lot of lyrical content in their lyrics. Some people classify their music within the styles of intervention music .
Shakira (1977) is a Colombian singer-songwriter, who has achieved a prominent place in both Spanish and English. The daughter of a father of Lebanese descent ("Shakira" is an Arabic name meaning "full of grace") and a Colombian mother with Catalan ancestors, at age eleven she won the television competition Looking for a Child Artist , an award she would repeat the following two years. At 16, she was invited to participate in the Viña del Mar Song Festival and in 2010 she was the closing artist of the World Cup in South Africa . Creator of the Pies Descalzos Foundation , dedicated to helping child victims of violence in Colombia and ALAS (Latin America in Solidarity Action), she dedicates part of her time and money to charitable causes.
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Romualdo Marenco (1841–1907) was an Italian composer best known for his ballet music. Marenco began his musical career as a violinist at the Teatro Doria in Genoa . His first composition was the ballet Garibaldi's Landing in Marsala . He was appointed conductor of La Scala in Milan and also led its ballet company for seven years. His best-known ballets were written in collaboration with choreographer Luigi Manzotti during that period; but he is best remembered for the ballet Excelsior , composed in 1881 and which we offer today.
The Excelsior Ballet is a tribute to the scientific and industrial progress achieved throughout the 19th century , from electric light to the telegraph, the steam engine, the Fréjus railway tunnel, and the Suez Canal . As such, it foreshadows the Futurist movement. In its first nine months, it was performed 100 times in Italy and abroad.
A quote from Gramilano : " Excelsior is a conceptual ballet: light triumphs over darkness, and it features dancers representing Peace, Invention, Perseverance, Courage, Concord, and so on. Luigi Manzotti created the ballet in Milan in 1881, staging hundreds of dancers, along with elephants, trumpet players, children, everything, accompanied by Romualdo Marenco 's bombastic score. It was a time when the Italian population was euphoric, having only recently become, well... Italian. Italian Unification had happened just a decade earlier, and it was a time to celebrate. And what better way than with a big, unabashed ballet extravaganza! It shows the progress of humanity, through science [the abolition of slavery] towards a better future: transport, electricity, engineering. Excelsior was extraordinarily successful in Milan , and toured major Italian cities, followed by trips to London, Vienna , and St. Petersburg . The French loved it so much that it ran for months in Paris ." (Excerpt from the commentary at the bottom of the video)
Gustav Mahler (1860-1911) was a composer and conductor born in Kaliště , now the Czech Republic , and considered one of the most eminent composers of post-Romanticism. His creative work focused on the symphony, the lied (lyric song), and the conjunction of both concepts; to this must be added the diversity of elements with which he worked (popular melodies, military melodies, fanfares of various kinds, etc.), the manifest dissonances to which the public was unaccustomed, and the long duration of his symphonies. If we add to this the fact that he faced a certain anti-Semitic press due to his Jewish origins, it is not surprising that his compositions did not enjoy the deserved success during his lifetime.
Death of the Rose . For the first time, after decades of prohibition, the leading ballet company of the Soviet Union invited a foreign choreographer - Roland Petit (1924-2011) from France . An admirer of our today's protagonist, Maya Plisetskaya (1925), prima ballerina of the Bolshoi Theater , Petit brought to the Moscow stage for her a fragment of her ballet La Rose Malade to music by Mahler , turning the duet of the two heroes, Rose and Youth , into an independent work, Death of the Rose . The role of Youth was played by Bolshoi soloist Alexander Godunov (1949-1995), who in 1971 became a soloist of the Bolshoi Theater .
El Huapango de Moncayo is a symphonic work by the Mexican composer José Pablo Moncayo, premiered in 1941 and probably the best known of said composer, strongly associated with the nationalist cultural and audiovisual production of Mexico , to such an extent that in that country it has been called the second Mexican National Anthem, although it shares this title with the Marcha de Zacatecas by Gerardo Codina . It was composed from the reinterpretation of the traditional rhythms of the huapango, mainly from Veracruz, and pieces from that region such as El Siquisirí, El Balajú and El Gavilancillo ; it was premiered on August 15, 1941.
The Amalia Hernández Ballet , based at the Palacio de las Bellas Artes in Mexico City and also known as the Ballet Folklórico de México , was founded in 1952 by dancer and choreographer Amalia Hernández . It has created more than 60 of its own choreographies and has performed throughout Mexico. It also has toured more than 100 times internationally, visiting a total of 60 countries. Over the past few years, it has been a benchmark for traditional Mexican music and dance.
Mariachi Vargas de Tecalitlán is a Mexican folk music group created in 1897 by maestro Gaspar Vargas López , (1880-1969), which is currently under the artistic production and general direction of maestro Rubén Fuentes , and whose musical direction is in charge of Carlos Martínez . The group is made up of a harp, a vihuela, a guitar, a guitarrón, three trumpets and seven violins, and they call themselves El Mejor Mariachi del Mundo , a name that Fuentes himself (when he was, in 1956, artistic director of RCA Víctor ) suggested for the group. In their long career they have performed countless live recitals as well as countless recordings.
Argia Dantza Taldea is a Basque dance group from San Sebastián, made up of around 45 members, directed by Juan Antonio Urbeltz (1940). They have collected numerous dances from the Basque Country in situ, grouped into cycles that prioritize authenticity in their choreographic, musical, instrumental, and even costume versions. At the 1968 Middlesbrough International Folklore Festival (England), they won first prize for dance among 28 groups from 22 nations. In 1998, the Alfred Toepfer Foundation in Hamburg awarded them the European Prize for Popular Art . In 2003, they presented the show Pas de Basque , rooted in Basque tradition but with a contemporary dynamic; today we present part of this show.
Almute dantza , also known as Saskito dantza or Xarmanta , is a dance from the Baztan repertoire, which has not been danced exclusively in Baztan ; in fact, we can also find testimonies of it in Gipuzkoa, Lapurdi and Lower Navarre . The Saskito or almute (almud) is a small box with a square base, which was used to measure cereal (corn, wheat, barley) and which has been used as a pretext for dance, for a dance-game. To do this, it was placed upside down, so that the dantzari could dance on it; to the beat of the music, the dantzari must make small jumps on the almud keeping the other foot in the air. As the melody progresses, the dantzari must change the foot on which he performs the jumps.
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Various Wikipedia articles have been used to write these texts.
The texts of Videomusicalis are written in Basque, Spanish and English.
